Marketing Research International Marketing - 1084 Words

Mission of an international researcher is sorely wide and it is important to determine the most productive and influential tasks. Marketing research exercise involves systematic enquiry. Thus, it requires a careful planning of the orderly investigation process. â€Å"Global market segmentation is the process of identifying specific segments, whether they be country groups or individual customer groups, of potential customers with homogeneous attributes who are likely to exhibit similar behaviour† (Hassan Katsanis, 1991). In case of international marketing DODCAR is one of the main frameworks that is utilized for evaluating suitability of the market segmentation. International market researcher needs to consider the stages of market research†¦show more content†¦In terms of opportunities in China, it has the world’s 2nd largest economy. The population of Shanghai 23000 million people, which makes a market segmentation widen. Moreover, consumer-buying behavior in choosing products are highly influenced by western cultural perception. China’s top economic policymakers set domestic consumption as a main driver for the country’s economic growth. Business threat is cultural barrier, as Chinese people are used to drink tea, rather than coffee. 2.2 Objectives of research After defining and identifying the issue, the researcher must take a formal statement of research objectives. Such objectives may be stated in qualitative or quantitative terms and expressed as research questions, statement or hypothesis. Market segmentation pertains to the division of a set of consumers into persons with similar needs and wants. Market segmentation allows for a better allocation of a Starbucks finite resources. With growing diversity in the tastes of modern consumers, Starbucks is taking note of the benefit of servicing a multiplicity of new markets. It is necessary to create SMART objectives while segmenting Starbucks in international markets. The important objective of segmenting Starbucks in China is to increase sales for 30% in 2 years. The target city is Shanghai as the population of it is 23 million people and there are a lot of foreigners who are

The Elaborate Entrance Of Chad Deity - 1381 Words

The Elaborate Entrance of Chad Deity is a satirical play written by playwright Kristoffer Diaz. The play is centered on the absurd, yet implicit racism of the American people. In the play, professional wrestler Macedonia Guerra is constantly battling to promote himself in the world of wrestling. He eventually finds a way to become a famous wrestler, but it involves selling out his values and pretending to be an absurdly inaccurate and stereotypical Mexican character even though he is Puerto Rican, (see Appendix 1). Mace goes along with the ridiculous faà §ade he is playing for quite some time and even ventures to make their entrances and promotions even more elaborate. He is paired up with one of his friends, Vigneshwar Paduar, who is known†¦show more content†¦Then there are the in-between moments where the audience sees the characters in everyday life at their place of employment. The Office is also known to have a boss that comes off politically incorrect at times. Chad Deity emphasizes that to take it a step further. I think this is a necessary component of the play because it helps the audience to get the full effect of the show. Many people think that racism no longer exists or that it does, but they are not guilty of racism. However, studies have shown that implicit racism has become increasingly more prevalent in society, (see Appendix 2). By making the reactions to the incorrect stereotypes more exaggerated, Diaz is shining a light on the implicit racism of society. Mace and Vigneshwar are considered the bad characters in the eyes of the wrestling audience because they are of a different race. Mace’s boss, Eko, decides to capitalize on this and creates erroneous, unbelievable characters for them to play in the ring. For example, Mace’s character’s name is a combination of three of the most communistic political leaders. None of them have anything to do with Puerto Rico, which is where Mace is from, or Mexico, which is where his character is supposed to be from. Vigneshwar is an Indian American, who is told to play a Middle Eastern terrorist. He is not even given an actual name, only the Fundamentalist. He is told to wear a turban and is given a

Research Knowledge and Assessment Free Essays

string(35) " related to the research question\." This essay explores how these queries may be conceptualized, described, valuated, and explained through investigative methods. Philosophy of Research Quantitative scientific research relies on data taken from empirical methods based on observation and experience (Myers Hanson, 2002; Stanchion Stanchion, 2003). These systematic empirical methods can be used as inferential mathematical tools for evaluating a sample from a population. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Knowledge and Assessment or any similar topic only for you Order Now Consequently, the empirical calculations of phenomena in a sample may be applied to an entire population from which the sample was derived (Ho, 201 0, p. ). Research Terminologies Certain terms in research connote philosophical approaches to obtaining ND evaluating information. Through the scientific process, research studies begin by developing questions or hypotheses, then collecting data to help answer the questions or test the hypotheses. Research data are collected, analyzed, and interpreted to reach conclusions (Ladino, Spaulding, Vogel, 201 0, p. 12). However, qualitative and quantitative studies have similarities and dissimilarities in the scientific process due to the different cognitive approaches in research designs. Qualitative studies utilize inductive reasoning while quantitative studies apply deductive logic (p. 10). Figure 1 illustrates the specifics, similarities, and differences of these concepts in qualitative and quantitative research paradigms. The scientific method, illustrated in figure 2, acquires and assesses knowledge through observation and experience (Drew, Yardman, Hose, 2008). The philosophy Of Positivism utilizes aspects of the scientific method in social research. Positivist researchers believe that only what is observed can be evaluated in an objective manner. This means that only observable behavior can be measured without regard to motives, perspectives, or feelings (Social Research Methods, 2006). Conversely, post positivist philosophy does not believe that Objectivity is infallible because knowledge is developed through social constructs and this knowledge cannot be divorced from personal perceptions which determine the legitimacy of wisdom (Ryan, 2006, p. 16). The foregoing statements suggest that post-positivists believe deductions from observations may be relative and inexact (p. 20). This lends credence to subjectivity in research evaluations (Ratter, 2002). Objectivity in Objectivity can be described as a mental state in which personal biases, preferences, and perspectives of researchers do not contaminate the election and analysis of data (Sociology Guide, 2014). Objectivity is paramount in ensuring the veracity of a study. However, in social and educational studies, objectivity presupposes a type of reality (Ratter, 2002). If that reality is created by the researcher or observer, then it may be more subjective than objective (p. 3). These ideas exemplify the challenges faced by those in qualitative or mixed-methods studies who must judge the depth or the breadth and depth of research findings, respectively (Walden University, n. D. ). Though quantitative research may appear objective through the use of thematic calculations, subjectivity may occur in deciding what data are to be measured and the types of measuring instruments to be employed (Slashing, 2003). Philosophical Developments in Research Scientific realism is a quantitative approach to research in which numerical formulas are used to analyze data, and these data are used to symbolize constructs and variables (Ladino, Spaulding, Vogel, 2010). Positivists utilize the tenets of scientific realism because they feel that the social and psychological world can be evaluated mathematically in the same way that quantitative research explains phenomena in the natural world Social constructivism states that phenomena must be understood (P. 3). As complex wholes and researchers must understand reality through the perspectives of the participants in a study. Social constructivism advocates hypotheses that are created to achieve meaning through multiple realities formed by diverse human perceptions in a social world. Social constructivism is commonly employed in ethnographers and other types of social research. Advocacy and liberating frameworks also accept a multiplicity of realities derive d from social, economic, cultural, and political milieus. This philosophy involves research that advocates freedom from oppression and is a common framework for education research studies involving minorities or socially oppressed groups of people (Fire, 1970). Pragmatism is not focused on defining a real or socially constructed reality, but seeks practical answers to promulgate correct practices and programs (Ladino, Spaulding, Vogel, 201 0, p. 16). Pragmatists frequently use a mixed-methods approach to research for analyzing quantitative and qualitative data. Case studies utilize the methods of pragmatism (p. 60). Conceptual and Theoretical Frameworks A framework can be created through Concepts or theories (Ladino, Spaulding, Vogel, 2010, p. 13). A conceptual framework shows ideas or variables in a cogent and sequential manner, whereas a theoretical framework focuses on identifying the possible relationships among the ideas or concepts and develops theories for these relationships (Niagara, 2012). These theories provide a foundation for the beginnings of an investigation and help maintain a focus for the direction of a study. A conceptual framework can also be defined as a structure that describes the natural progression of a phenomenon through a theoretical framework that gives an explanation of how some constituents of the phenomenon may be related (Camp, 2001). In summary, a conceptual framework may elucidate concepts Of a study but it does not explain the relationships among the ideas or variables, whereas a theoretical framework can explain the associations among variables and how these associations relate to the research investigation (Science, n. D. ). Core Concepts of Research Design The research question is the basis for the research study and should include ethical guidelines (Ladino, Spaulding, Vogel, 201 0, p. 388). It identifies dependent and independent variables in causal-comparative search and it targets variables that are expected to be related in correlation studies (up. 388-389). In quantitative studies, the research question is clarified by the hypothesis which is a declarative statement or tentative position of the identified problem (Drew, Yardman, Hose, 2008, p. 78). Unlike quantitative investigations, the research questions in qualitative studies focus more on processes than on outcomes (p. 389). Once the research question has been refined to a specific idea, then the statement Of purpose for the study can be expressed in clear and concise terms (Ladino, Spaulding, Vogel, 2010, p. 89). The specificity of the research question and the distinct purpose of the study are derivatives of the literature review which ma inly focuses on primary, peer-reviewed articles related to the research question. You read "Research Knowledge and Assessment" in category "Free Research Paper Samples" Population and Sample Inferential statistics utilizes a subset from a population called a sample. Research results derived from the sample may be generalized to the population from which it was derived. However, in order for a study to produce accurate results and conclusions from a sample, it is important to differentiate between a theoretical population and an accessible population Social Research Methods, 2006). The theoretical population should possess well-defined characteristics related to the variables to be studied in the sample. An accessible population may be available for a study, but if its traits are not circumscribed within the sample it produces, the accuracy of the research is comport used (Expellable, 2009). Variables and Research If endings A variable is an object or entity that has different quantitative or qualitative values depending on the circumstance in a study (Ho, 2010, p. 127). In educational research, a variable can also be defined as a measurable hypothetical concept (construct) that has been developed from a theoretical framework (Ladino, Spaulding, Vogel, 2010, p. 3). When these variables are translated into data, the findings can be reported quantitatively, qualitatively, or quantitatively and qualitatively. Quantitative findings are numerical in nature and can be reported through Pearson-product moment correlations, multiple-regression analysis, t-test, chi-square, and other tests (p. 305). Qualitative findings may be reported through the use of triangulation techniques, coding, them es, and other procedures (up. 189-193). Assumptions, Limitations, and Delimitation’s Assumptions are constituents of a study which may not be under the control of the researcher, but their disappearance in a study would make it irrelevant (Simon, 2011). Limitations are uncontrollable, potential weaknesses in a study, whereas delimitation’s are controllable characteristics that limit the scope and define the boundaries of a study (p. 2). This is why these three factors must be considered when research is conducted. Validity and Reliability Validity describes the accuracy and appropriateness of measures while reliability refers to the consistency of the measurements (Ladino, Spaulding, Vogel, 2010). In quantitative research, validity can be defined in terms of a construct which determines the type of data to be collected and the way in which the information is to be gathered (Winner Braun, 1998). Validity in qualitative research was defined by Slashing (2003) as â€Å"quality, rigor and trustworthiness† (p. 02). The internal validity of a study can be affected by observations, selection of informants for maximum variability, selection Of participants, and improper or misguided conclusions, whereas external validity can be influenced by types of selection procedures, kinds of settings n which experiments are conducted, historical consequences from the lives of participants, and the variations in the meanings of constructs across time, environments, and populations (Michael, n. D. ). Reliability can be illustrated through consistent results after repeated evaluations show a continuous stability of measurements for a given period of time (Kirk Miller, 1986). Reliability has been defined by Cope (2000) as â€Å"The extent to which results are consistent over time and [accurately represent] the total population under study†¦ If the results of a study can be reproduced under a animal methodology, then the research instrument is [also] considered to be reliable. † (p. 1). However, Slashing (2003) cautions that a research instrument which measures consistently may not be measuring accurately. Hence, these inaccuracies of measurement make the research instrument invalid and controvert the internal consistency and reliability of the research. Internal reliability can be affected by inference descriptors, a researchers selections of data, and the interpretations of the data by the researcher (Bloom, n. D. ). External reliability can be influenced by situational contexts that effect the information retrieved from participants, data collection, analysis methodology, and constructs (Slashing, 2003). Other Approaches to Unlike research investigations, program evaluations are critiqued regarding their immediate impact on what was observed and studied (Ladino, Spaulding, Vogel, 2010). A program can be defined as a group of detailed activities with measurable objectives (p. 363). The purpose of evaluating a program is to make a decision on a course of action, whereas a research study provides information about a particular topic or practice. Program valuations use formative and summarize processes. These processes involve collecting information while the program occurs and measuring results at the end of the program to determine â€Å"†¦ Owe those outcomes related to the overall†¦ Program and its success. † (p. 366). Once these processes have been deduced, the findings can be used to improve education There are evaluation models that can be applied through practices. These formative and summarize approaches. All models of evaluation contribute to the development of the evaluation plan, capacity, data collection, data, analysis, and reporting procedures of the study. The most common model for program evaluation is the objective-based approach which assesses the overall purpose of the program and defines the type of information to be collected for evaluation. This approach also utilizes benchmarks or quantitative goals that participants are expected to obtain to ensure the success of the program. Among other program evaluation templates, the logic model measures progress at each phase of the curriculum while operating on the assumption that a rational sequence Of events must happen in order to produce the final results of the program (p. 373). These sequences of events begin with resources or inputs which create actions or activities that lead to changes in the participants (p. 374). These changes or outcomes verify the efficacy or inefficacy of the program. In other words, the logic approach is a picture of how the program works through the theories and assumptions underlying the program (W. K. Kellogg Foundation, 2004). The logic model is commonly used for program evaluations in health education because it can illustrate the infrastructure of a program model while integrating the activities of the clinical educators and patients (Centers or Diseases Control and Prevention, 1 999): A detailed logic model can†¦ Threaten claims of causality and be a basis for estimating the program’s effect on endpoints that are not directly measured but are linked in a causal chain supported by prior research†¦ Logic models can be created to display a program at different levels of detail, from different perspectives, or for different audiences. (p. 9). It is imperative in health education to identify causal relationships among variables of patient care and clini cal erudition paradigms. This is why the logic approach is such a good choice for evaluating these types of programs. Program evaluations possess benefits and shortcomings. One advantage of program evaluations is the immediate application of the information to a setting or environment for implementing improvements and other efficacious changes. Examples of disadvantages in program evaluations include the lack of available assets for improving program deficiencies identified through formative processes and the subjectivity of an internal evaluator who may have preconceived ideas about what the program outcomes should be. The focus of effective education is action (Spencer, n. . ). Action research in education has been scribed as research accomplished by teachers to provide insights for themselves (Mills, 201 1). It is also a way for teachers to work collaboratively with each other with education administrators, and with stakeholders to improve classroom instruction and the learning potential of students (C. A. R. Madison Metropolitan School District, 2010). The primary purpose of action research is t o change and improve educational environments and outcomes (Ladino, Spaulding, Vogel, 2010). The stages in conducting action research are sequential and cyclical (Classroom Action Research, 2012). These steps are illustrated in Figure 3. The diagram in the illustration implies important ideas regarding the structure of action research. This Structure should include ways to clearly define an issue, to challenge the assumptions and views of the researcher conducting the study, to develop a concise plan for data collection, to encourage collaboration between the researcher and peers, and to provide evidence for practice improvement (Ladino, Spaulding, Vogel, 2010). How to cite Research Knowledge and Assessment, Essays

Research Proposal on Oil and Gas Essay Example

Research Proposal on Oil and Gas Essay Oil and gas are the most important and valuable resources nowadays, because they play the key role providing people, plants and factories with energy. Then, nearly every automobile works with the help of gas, which is made from oil. No wonder, oil and gas are the most expensive resources which are concentrated in the hands of the richest people of the world, because it is difficult to imagine a more profitable business. Evidently, oil is important for the process of industrialization, because it is widely used in every industry. Oil is used for the production of petrol, chemicals, perfume, medicine, plastic and fertilizers that is why the value of the resource is very high and people will have to think much in order to create substances which can substitute oil in many spheres human life. Unfortunately, the supplies of oil and gas are nearly exhausted, so people will need to look for other sources of energy, like the energy of the wind, solar energy, etc. The key disadvantage of oil and gas is their negative impact on the natural environment. The results of the oil processing pollute and contaminate water, air and soil and as a result human and animal health. Moreover, there are often serious accidents during the transportation of oil across the oceans. Oil is introduced into the water and pollutes enormous territories of water killing fish, animals and birds. The global public and a range of international organizations protest against the usage of oil, because it causes greenhouse effect, the global warming and pollution. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Oil and Gas specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Oil and Gas specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Oil and Gas specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Naturally, the supply of oil and gas will be exhausted in the nearest 30 years, so the humanity will face the global energy crisis. So, in order to prepare to its effect we have to look for the alternative sources of energy, which will be ecologically safe, cheap and renewable. A successful oil and gas research proposal is supposed to be logical, interesting and informative. A student should research the topic himself and suggest some direct problems for the analysis. When one knows about the problem everything, he will be able to analyze the topic soberly and will be probably able to create effective solutions to the existing problems. The main purpose of a research proposal is its persuasive function. So, if a student wants to create a convincing paper which will attract the professor’s attention, he will need to read a good free example research proposal on oil and gas and see how a successful paper of this type looks like. The Internet has a wide choice of free sample research proposals on oil and gas and students are able to look them through improving their knowledge and academic paper writing skills. At EssayLib.com writing service you can order a custom research proposal on Oil and Gas topics. Your research paper proposal will be written from scratch. We hire top-rated Ph.D. and Master’s writers only to provide students with professional research proposal help at affordable rates. Each customer will get a non-plagiarized paper with timely delivery. Just visit our website and fill in the order form with all proposal details: Enjoy our professional research proposal writing service!

Essay on The Historical Context of Sustainability Gold Mining Industry of Australia

Essay on The Historical Context of Sustainability Gold Mining Industry of Australia Essay on The Historical Context of Sustainability: Gold Mining Industry of Australia Essay on The Historical Context of Sustainability: Gold Mining Industry of AustraliaThe gold mining industry of Australia is the growing industry, which though confronts a severe criticism from the part of environmentalists, who insist that the gold   mining industry has a negative impact on environment, whereas the waste of mines and the production of gold pollute the environment consistently. Therefore, the question that begs is whether the gold mining industry of Australia is capable to turn toward the sustainable development or the industry will increase its negative impact on the environment as the gold production in Australia keeps progressing. In actuality, the negative impact of the gold mining industry of Australia on the natural environment is obvious but the shift toward the sustainable development can decrease the negative impact of the gold mining industry on the environment and make the further growth of the gold mining industry sustainable and less harmful for the en vironment.Background informationThe development of the gold mining industry was traditionally driven by the high value of the gold as the major asset of nations since there was the gold standard as the key measurement of the currency value. However, steadily, the role of gold in the currency exchange rate and values has started to decrease but the role of gold as the precious metal that comprises an important part of national banks’ reserves persists even today. However, the gold mining industry has a destructive impact on the natural environment because of the pollution that accompanied the mining and gold production process.In fact,  it was not until the 1970s in most industrialized countries that community expectations and legislation evolved to ensure a high standard of environmental management throughout the mining cycle (Mudd, 2008). The growing environmental concerns of the public affected environmental policies conducted by the government and imposed stricter regula tions on companies operating in the gold mining industry. In such a way, companies had to take into consideration environmental regulations, norms and standards, while developing their marketing policies and strategies. However, till present days, there are a few positive effects since the gold mining industry is still one of the major sources of the environment pollution. The reason is the high profitability of gold mining industry of Australia, which discourages the government from imposing restrictions on the further growth of the industry by introducing environmental policies and norms. However, today, the problem of the environmental pollution has become the major challenge for the gold mining industry of Australia because of the growing public pressure, which forces the government to take the proactive, environmentalist position and stimulate the transition toward the sustainable development of the mining industry of Australia.The major factors contributing to the negative imp act of gold mining industryAt the moment, the gold mining industry of Australia is vulnerable to the severe criticism from the part of environmentalists because the extraction of gold ore involves grading solid rock ores that are processed to extract the gold (Mudd, 2008). Grading solid rock ores results in the pollution of the environment because the grading involves the consumption of energy and, therefore, increase greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, grading solid rock and extraction of gold result in the solid waste that derives from the production process.Gold mining involves energy, water and cyanide consumption (Mudd, 2008). In actuality, the development of the gold mining industry leads to the increase consumption of energy and water along with cyanide consumption (Lewis, Martin W. Green Delusions: an Environmentalist Critique of Radical Environmentalism. Duke University Press 2010). At this point, it is worth mentioning the fact that the consumption of water and energy l eads to the exhaustion of natural resources. For example, energy is generated from fossil fuels, which are the main source of energy at the moment.The gold production is accompanied by greenhouse gas emissions, which have a negative impact on the climate change and global warming (Mudd, 2008). In the course of the production, greenhouse gas emissions are quite high that leads to the pollution and global climate change. Moreover, solid waste is another issue that gold mining industry emerges in the course of the gold mining because the solid rock is processed and gold is extracted, while the solid waste remains and has to be processed to prevent the environment pollution.In this regard, the sustainable development of the gold mining industry of Australia is the only way to make the industry environment-friendly and decrease its negative impact on the environment. The ongoing availability of mineral resources is, therefore, an integral part of the sustainable development of the gold m ining industry.   The availability of mineral resources implies that the gold will be still available for production for a long time. However, to make the gold still available, the gold mining industry should introduce new technologies to extract gold more effectively and process gold that has already been extracted and used in different production processes (Mudd, 2007a). In other words, recycling should become one of the priorities of the gold mining industry of Australia to become sustainable.Furthermore, another condition of sustainable development of the gold mining industry is a healthy environment that means the consistent reduction of pollutants, including greenhouse gas emissions. The reduction of pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions may be achieved through the use of alternative sources of energy, for example, solar or wind power by gold mines in Australia. Gold mining companies should focus on the sustainable development and introduce technologies that allow decreasi ng the waste and pollution of the environment. In such a way, Australia can maintain the stable and sustainable development of its gold mining industry.At the same time, an integral element of the sustainable development of the gold mining industry is the viable community, which includes the stable economy, socially vibrant communities and positive community-companies relations. In this regard, gold mining companies of Australia should focus on the development of the community-oriented policies to match needs of the local community and to minimize the pollution of the natural environment that will minimize the negative impact of the gold mining industry on local communities (Mudd, 2007b). Local communities, in their turn, could assist gold mining companies to decrease the environment pollution through mutual efforts and development of common, environment-friendly policies.Conclusion  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Thus, the development of the gold mining industry of Aust ralia has always been the priority for the development of Australian economy due to high profits and considerable natural resources available to the gold mining industry of Australia. At this point, the development of Australian gold mining industry has confronted the problem of the environment pollution, which affected the public attitude and caused the emerging criticism of the industry by the public. In such a situation, the government focuses on the introduction of strict regulations to stimulate the shift toward the sustainable development of the gold mining industry of Australia. In this respect, the transition to the sustainable development of the gold mining industry should involve the focus on the ongoing availability of gold deposits, the creation of the healthy environment and viable community.

Popular Uses for Footnotes, Easier Footnotes with Software

Popular Uses for Footnotes, Easier Footnotes with Software You might be wondering if footnotes have become obsolete by now. Nothing could be further from the truth. While it is true that many publications favor the use of endnotes or APA style citation, footnotes still have their established realms of use. Popular Uses for Footnotes One popular use for footnotes is as a source of supplemental information. If you mention in a paper that one neighborhood lives in poverty, you might mention the exact statistic within a footnote. The position of the footnote is helpful in this instance, as the reader has to only glance down to augment their current information. Another popular use of footnotes is quotation. Perhaps you have quoted one source in the document, and wish to provide an exact or expounded quote or reference below. Footnotes provide the perfect instance for integrated information and quotation whenever you need them. Easier Footnotes with Software You might recall older word processing software that made inserting these notes a nightmare. Even in modern word processing programs, footnotes can become tedious and tiresome. However, with modern Chicago Style software, you can insert footnotes with the touch of a button, making the entire process streamlined.

As instruction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

As instruction - Essay Example It therefore, can be said that each of us, follow a definite philosophy which guides our actions and our efforts to gain knowledge and accordingly base our judgments of the people or event. J. S. Mills, an eminent philosopher, In his book ‘On liberty’ has extensively discoursed on liberty of thought and discussion and has tried to explain its wider meaning with respect to the control exerted by society on an individual. Through the ages, liberty and freedom of choice has been the most important issue for the rulers and the community at large. The rulers and people in authority have been using their power to exert control over the community and individuals. Mills has argued that no government or individual has the right to suppress the independent thought of other individuals largely because the new thoughts are catalyst to the changes, which are part and parcel of human existence. The extent of the influence of their control on the liberty of individuals is the most vital aspect of interplay of human relationship within the society. The governmental and constitutional paradigms of liberty are important factors in the larger interests of the society. But there are some intrinsic and unarticulated social control over the individuals within the society, which may be defined by the doctrines of the time and religion. According to Mils ‘for a long time past, the chief mischief of the legal penalties is that they strengthen the social stigma’ (Mills, chapter 1). While to some extent, one can agree that excess control does corrodes of moral and ethical values, but some control is necessary to maintain law and order within the social fabric. But Mills theory on liberty of thought and discussion is highly relevant with the issue of teaching the theory of evolution and the theory of intelligent design in public school.